Aqueous Zinc-Ion Technology
A water-based electrochemical system that fundamentally eliminates fire risk while delivering exceptional temperature resilience and long cycle life.
How It Works
Zinc-ion cells use a mild aqueous electrolyte, zinc metal anode, and manganese dioxide cathode.
During discharge, zinc ions travel from the anode through the aqueous electrolyte to intercalate into the cathode structure. Charging reverses this process, plating zinc back onto the anode.
The water-based electrolyte is the key differentiator: it is inherently non-flammable, operates across a wide temperature range, and uses abundant, non-toxic materials throughout the cell.
Key Specifications
- Operating Temperature
- -40°C to 85°C
- Cycle Life
- 2,500–4,000 cycles
- Round-Trip Efficiency
- 85–92%
- Safety Score
- 5/5 (highest)
- Thermal Runaway Risk
- None
- Flammable
- No
- Recyclability
- high
Intrinsic Safety
The aqueous electrolyte eliminates the primary cause of battery fires.
No Thermal Runaway
Water-based chemistry cannot sustain the exothermic chain reactions that cause lithium-ion fires.
No Fire Suppression Required
Eliminates costly gas-based or water-mist fire suppression systems from installation design.
Safe for Confined Spaces
Deploy in telecom shelters, underground mines, and hospital basements without additional fire safety infrastructure.
Temperature Performance
Maintains >92% capacity retention across the full operating range.
Zinc-ion maintains stable capacity from -40°C to 85°C, eliminating the need for active thermal management (heating or cooling) in most stationary applications. LFP requires heating below -10°C and lead-acid below 0°C, adding cost and complexity.
Sustainability
Abundant materials, high recyclability, no hazardous substances.
Zinc is the fourth most-produced metal globally with well-established recycling infrastructure. The aqueous electrolyte contains no organic solvents, fluorinated salts, or rare earth elements.
End-of-life cells are classified as non-hazardous waste in most jurisdictions, simplifying disposal logistics and reducing regulatory burden.
Environmental Profile
- ✓Non-toxic aqueous electrolyte
- ✓No cobalt, nickel, or lithium
- ✓High recyclability via established zinc recovery
- ✓Non-hazardous end-of-life classification
- ✓No organic solvents or fluorinated compounds
Technology Comparison
How zinc-ion compares to incumbent chemistries across key dimensions.
| Dimension | Zinc-Ion | LFP | Lead-Acid | Na-Ion |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CapEx ($/kWh) | $80–130 | $200–350 | $100–150 | $100–180 |
| Cycle Life | 2,500–4,000 | 3,000–6,000 | 500–800 | 2,000–4,000 |
| Operating Temp | -40°C to 85°C | -10°C to 55°C | 0°C to 45°C | -20°C to 60°C |
| Safety Score | 5/5 | 3/5 | 2/5 | 4/5 |
| Flammable | No | Yes | No | No |
| Thermal Runaway | None | Risk | None | None |
| Recyclability | High | Medium | High | Medium |
| Lifetime | 10–15 yrs | 10–15 yrs | 3–5 yrs | 8–12 yrs |
Values are industry-typical ranges (PLACEHOLDER). Contact GZEET for verified product specifications. Build your own weighted comparison →
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From individual modules to containerized megawatt-hour systems.
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